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The Kalmar Union [a] was a personal union in Scandinavia, agreed at Kalmar in Sweden as designed by Queen Margaret of Denmark. From 1397 to 1523, [1] it joined under a single monarch the three kingdoms of Denmark, Sweden (then including much of present-day Finland), and Norway, together with Norway's overseas colonies [b] (then including Iceland, Greenland, [c] the Faroe Islands, and the ...
However, Denmark would not forget its defeat in the war. Along with Sweden and Norway, both of which worried of the growing German influence pushing into Scandinavia, Denmark would go on to ratify the Kalmar Union, which itself would be a major competitor of the Hanseatic League and a major factor in its eventual decline by the 17th century.
His seal combined the coats of arms of Norway (center, as an inescutcheon upon a cross over all), Denmark (in dexter chief), Sweden (the Folkung lion, in dexter base) and Pomerania (a griffin, in sinister base), and in addition the Three Crowns symbol in sinister chief; the latter heraldic design predates the Kalmar Union, and is now mostly ...
Main articles: List of Swedish monarchs, List of Finnish monarchs 1389–1412: Margaret I (Margareta) 1396–1439: Eric of Pomerania (Erik av Pommern) 1438–1441: Regent Karl Knutsson Bonde
The Kalmar Union (1379−1523) — a Late Middle Ages union of the three kingdoms of Medieval Denmark, Medieval Norway and Medieval Sweden under one monarch.
The Treaty of Kalmar (1397–1523) was a treaty that united the three Scandinavian kingdoms of Sweden, Denmark and Norway. It was signed on 25 September 1397 between representatives of the three kingdoms and established the Kalmar Union where all three realms were ruled by one monarch. The treaty did not unite the different legal structures of ...
John or Hans [1] (né Johannes; [2] 2 February 1455 – 20 February 1513) [3] was a Scandinavian monarch who ruled under the Kalmar Union.He was King of Denmark from 1481 to 1513, King of Norway from 1483 to 1513, and King of Sweden (where he has also been called Johan II [4]) from 1497 to 1501.
Christian I (Christiern I) (February 1426 – 21 May 1481) was a German noble and Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union. He was king of Denmark (1448–1481), Norway (1450–1481) and Sweden (1457–1464). From 1460 to 1481, he was also duke of Schleswig (within Denmark) and count (after 1474, duke) of Holstein (within the Holy Roman Empire).