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The Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity (Amharic: የውሃ፣ መስኖና ኤሌትሪክ ሚኒስቴር) is an Ethiopian government department responsible for management of water resources, water supply and sanitation, irrigation and energy. It was established in 2010.
It is not known exactly to what extent dams in Ethiopia would reduce the flow of water to Sudan and Ethiopia. Assuming an evaporation rate of 1 meter per year, an irrigated area of 200,000 hectares and a combined reservoir area of 1,000 km2, the flow of the Nile could be reduced by 3 billion cubic meters per year, equivalent to about 5 percent ...
In 2010, 20 percent of rural water systems were malfunctioning, down from 25% in 2007. [3] About 35 percent of the estimated 30,000 hand pumps in Ethiopia, serving an estimated 2 million people, were non-functioning in the mid-2000s. [22] In piped water systems rationing and service interruptions are frequent. [23]
The Beles Hydroelectric Power Plant, sometimes referred to as Beles II or Tana Beles, is a run-of-the-river [1] hydroelectric power plant in Ethiopia near Lake Tana.The power plant receives water from the lake through the Tana-Beles interbasin transfer and after utilizing it to produce electricity, the water is then discharged into the Beles River.
The Gilgel Gibe III Dam is 610 m-long (2,000 ft) and 243 m (797 ft) high roller-compacted concrete dam. It withholds a reservoir with a capacity of 14.7 km 3 (3.5 cu mi) and a surface area of 210 km 2 (81 sq mi), collecting with a catchment area of 34,150 km 2 (13,190 sq mi).
The Environmental Impact Assessment of the Tana-Beles interbasin water transfer is not available. [5] The social impacts of the Tana-Beles water transfer have been studied and results published in the high-profile Journal of Hydrology: the dangerously high increases in discharge of Beles river have led to the drowning of 250 people between 2010 and 2018.
If water falls uniformly over a field such that field capacity of the soil is not exceeded, then negligible water percolates to groundwater. If instead water puddles in low-lying areas, the same water volume concentrated over a smaller area may exceed field capacity resulting in water that percolates down to recharge groundwater.
The law of water balance states that the inflows to any water system or area is equal to its outflows plus change in storage during a time interval. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In hydrology , a water balance equation can be used to describe the flow of water in and out of a system.