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Many circuits can be analyzed as a combination of series and parallel circuits, along with other configurations. In a series circuit, the current that flows through each of the components is the same, and the voltage across the circuit is the sum of the individual voltage drops across each component. [1]
The lead wire is a coated copper wire, a tinned copper wire or another electrically conductive wire used to connect two locations electrically. In electronics, a lead (/ ˈ l iː d /) or pin is an electrical connector consisting of a length of wire or a metal pad (surface-mount technology) that is designed to connect two locations electrically.
If connected in series with the circuit it simply prevents reversed current, but if connected in parallel it can shunt the reversed supply, causing a fuse or other current limiting circuit to open. All semiconductor diodes have a threshold voltage – typically between 0.5 volt and 1 volt – that must be exceeded before significant current ...
Left: 20-way grey ribbon cable with wire for pin 1 marked red, insulation partly stripped. Right: 16-way rainbow ribbon with IDC connector. IDC D-sub connectors DE-9 (male) and DA-15 (female) Twisted ribbon cable used for Parallel SCSI connections. A ribbon cable is a cable with many conducting wires running parallel to each other on the same ...
Compared to modern electrical wiring standards, these are the main technical shortcomings of knob-and-tube wiring methods: never included a safety grounding conductor; did not confine switching to the hot conductor (the so-called Carter system prohibited as of 1923 places electrical loads across the common terminals of a three-way switch pair)
A somewhat similar system called "concentric wiring" was introduced in the United States around 1905. In this system, an insulated electrical wire was wrapped with copper tape which was then soldered, forming the grounded (return) conductor of the wiring system. The bare metal sheath, at earth potential, was considered safe to touch.
Ladder line is an older, simpler form of parallel-wire line, often called open wire line. The configuration looks like a rope ladder , hence the name. It can either be purchased already made by a cable company, or home-made ; the construction is easy, though tedious, and originally all radio amateurs made their own open wire line.
Wire bonding is the application of microscopic wires for making electrical connections inside semiconductor components and integrated circuits. Magnet wire is solid wire, usually copper, which, to allow closer winding when making electromagnetic coils, is insulated only with varnish, rather than the thicker plastic or other insulation commonly ...