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Secondary electrospray ionization mechanism diagram. In the early days of SESI, two ionization mechanisms were under debate.: the droplet-vapor interaction model postulates that vapors are adsorbed in the electrospray ionization (ESI) droplets, and then reemitted as the droplet shrinks, just as regular liquid phase analytes are produced in electrospray ionization; on the other hand, the ion ...
Extractive electrospray ionization is a spray-type, ambient ionization method that uses two merged sprays, one of which is generated by electrospray. [ 49 ] Laser-based electrospray-based ambient ionization is a two-step process in which a pulsed laser is used to desorb or ablate material from a sample and the plume of material interacts with ...
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Ambient ionization techniques are attractive for many samples for their high tolerance to complex mixtures and for fast testing. EESI has been employed for the rapid characterization of living objects, [ 10 ] native proteins , [ 11 ] and metabolic biomarkers .
The two primary methods of ionization for mass analysis used in droplet-based microfluidics today are matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization [241] [242] and electrospray ionization . [63] Additional methods for coupling, such as (but not limited to) surface acoustic wave nebulization ( SAWN ), [ 243 ] and paper-spray ionization onto ...
Probe electrospray ionization (PESI) is an electrospray-based ambient ionization technique which is coupled with mass spectrometry for sample analysis. [1] [2] Unlike traditional mass spectrometry ion sources which must be maintained in a vacuum, ambient ionization techniques permit sample ionization under ambient conditions, allowing for the high-throughput analysis of samples in their native ...
[1] [2] In electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), ions are created at atmospheric pressure, but are analyzed at subsequently lower pressures. Ions can be lost while they are shuttled from areas of higher to lower pressure due to the transmission process caused by a phenomenon called joule expansion or “free-jet expansion.”
Electrostatic spray ionization (ESTASI) is an ambient ionization method for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of samples located on a flat or porous surface, or inside a microchannel. It was developed in 2011 by Professor Hubert H. Girault ’s group at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland. [ 1 ]