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Alexander Balas claimed to be the son of Antiochus IV Epiphanes and Laodice IV and heir to the Seleucid throne. The ancient sources, Polybius and Diodorus say that this claim was false and that he and his sister Laodice VI were really natives of Smyrna of humble origin. [2]
Antiochus IV Epiphanes [note 1] (c. 215 BC–November/December 164 BC) [1] was king of the Seleucid Empire from 175 BC until his death in 164 BC. Notable events during Antiochus' reign include his near-conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt , his persecution of the Jews of Judea and Samaria , and the rebellion of the Jewish Maccabees .
Antiochus did not regain his kingdom till the accession of Roman Emperor Claudius in 41. [5] In 43 his first son, C. Julius Archelaus Antiochus Epiphanes, was betrothed to Drusilla, a daughter of Agrippa I. [6] Apart from Epiphanes, Antiochus had another two children with Iotapa: Callinicus and a younger Iotapa.
Antiochus IV Epiphanes – Altes Museum, Berlin. The Book of Daniel is an apocalypse , a literary genre in which a heavenly reality is revealed to a human recipient; such works are characterized by visions, symbolism, an other-worldly mediator, an emphasis on cosmic events, angels and demons, and pseudonymity (false authorship). [ 12 ]
More wars involving Judas and his brothers Simon and Jonathan are reported in chapters 5, 6 and 7. Chapter 6 reports the last days of Antiochus Epiphanes and the accession of his young son Antiochus V Eupator to the throne. [32] In chapter 8, Judas seeks an alliance with the Roman Republic, aiming to remove the Greeks. [33]
After Epiphanes married Capitolina, they settled and lived in the court of Antiochus IV. In 65 Capitolina bore Epiphanes their first son and child, Gaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos in Samosata. In 70 Epiphanes was sent by his father with troops to command and assist the prince Titus to end the siege in Jerusalem.
Demetrius was a man grown in his prime, while Antiochus V was still but 11 years old. Demetrius also had an excellent claim on the throne: he should have succeeded the throne in 175 BC at the death of his father, but had been a hostage in Rome at the time, allowing Antiochus IV to succeed instead, which was seen by some as a usurpation.
He was the younger son of King Seleucus IV and his wife Laodice IV. [1] The Empire was obligated by the 188 BC Treaty of Apamea , signed after King Antiochus III lost a war against the Romans , to send a hostage to Rome; at first, Antiochus' uncle Antiochus IV was sent as a hostage.