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As a part of reconstruction, the Southern Treaty Commission was created by Congress to write new treaties with the Tribes that sided with the Confederacy. An important consequence of the Reconstruction Treaties, signed in 1866, was the emancipation of 7,000 black slaves and the abolition of slavery.
After the American Civil War (1861–1865), the policy of the U.S. government was one of assimilation. Indian Territory later came to refer to an unorganized territory whose general borders were initially set by the Nonintercourse Act of 1834, and was the successor to the remainder of the Missouri Territory after Missouri received
During the American Civil War, most of what is now the U.S. state of Oklahoma was designated as the Indian Territory.It served as an unorganized region that had been set aside specifically for Native American tribes and was occupied mostly by tribes which had been removed from their ancestral lands in the Southeastern United States following the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War was a United States Congressional investigating committee created to handle issues surrounding the American Civil War. It was established on December 9, 1861, following the Union defeat at the Battle of Ball's Bluff, at the instigation of Senator Zachariah T. Chandler.
In early 1861, the Confederate States of America emerged, prompting a request for the establishment of a Bureau of Indian Affairs, with Albert Pike appointed as Commissioner for tribes west of Arkansas and south of Kansas. [6] Pike, a proponent of securing Indian Territory for the CSA, facilitated treaties with various tribes by mid-1861.
Treaty of Indian Springs: Treaty with the Creeks 7 Stat. 215: 116 Creek: 1821 January 8 Treaty of Mineral Spring: Treaty with the Creeks, Articles of agreement with the Creeks 7 Stat. 217: Creek: 1821 August 29 Treaty of Chicago: Treaty with the Ottawa, etc. 7 Stat. 218: 117 Council of Three Fires (Odawa, Ojibwe, Potawatomi) 1822 August 31
The committee's decisions were recorded in its journal, but the journal did not reveal the committee's debates or discussions, which were deliberately kept secret. [7] Once the committee had completed work on the proposed Fourteenth Amendment, several of its members spoke out, including Senator Howard, who gave a long speech to the full Senate in which he presented "in a very succinct way, the ...
The Treaty with Choctaws and Chickasaws was a treaty signed on July 12, 1861 between the Choctaw and Chickasaw (two American Indian nations) and the Confederate States. At the beginning of the American Civil War , Albert Pike was appointed as Confederate envoy to Native Americans.