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4. Iverson bracket: if P is a predicate, [] may denote the Iverson bracket, that is the function that takes the value 1 for the values of the free variables in P for which P is true, and takes the value 0 otherwise.
This also explains why threshold graphs are closed under taking complements; the P 4 is self-complementary, hence if a graph is P 4-, C 4 - and 2K 2-free, its complement is as well. Heggernes & Kratsch (2007) showed that threshold graphs can be recognized in linear time; if a graph is not threshold, an obstruction (one of P 4, C 4, or 2K 2 ...
The lattice has vertex types (1 ⁄ 2)(3 3,4 2) + (1 ⁄ 2)(3,4,6,4), while the dual lattice has vertex types (1 ⁄ 15)(4 6)+(6 ⁄ 15)(4 2,5 2)+(2 ⁄ 15)(5 3)+(6 ⁄ 15)(5 2,4). The critical point is where the longer bonds (on both the lattice and dual lattice) have occupation probability p = 2 sin (π/18) = 0.347296... which is the bond ...
500 ml (1 ⁄ 2 L) 750 ml (3 ⁄ 4 L) 1 L; 1.5 L; 2 L; 3 L; 5 L; In the United States, the alcohol industry switched to metric bottle sizes on October 1, 1976, abandoning the existing 38 sizes of bottles and instead adopting the following 6 sizes: [2] 50 mL (miniature) 200 mL (replaced the half-pint) (≈237 mL is a U.S. half-pint) 500 mL ...
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The liability-threshold model is a threshold model of categorical (usually binary) outcomes in which a large number of variables are summed to yield an overall 'liability' score; the observed outcome is determined by whether the latent score is smaller or larger than the threshold. The liability-threshold model is frequently employed in ...
In mathematics the estimation lemma, also known as the ML inequality, gives an upper bound for a contour integral. If f is a complex -valued, continuous function on the contour Γ and if its absolute value | f ( z ) | is bounded by a constant M for all z on Γ , then
The LoQ is the limit at which the difference between two distinct signals / values can be discerned with a reasonable certainty, i.e., when the signal is statistically different from the background. The LoQ may be drastically different between laboratories, so another detection limit is commonly used that is referred to as the Practical ...