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Size comparison of some species of Edaphosaurus.. Edaphosaurus species measured from 0.5 to 3.5 metres (1.6 to 11.5 ft) in length and weighed over 300 kg (660 lb). [5] In keeping with its tiny head, the cervical vertebrae are reduced in length, while the dorsal vertebrae are massive, the tail is deep, the limbs are short and robust, and the ribs form a wide ribcage.
Dimetrodon (/ d aɪ ˈ m iː t r ə ˌ d ɒ n / ⓘ [1] or / d aɪ ˈ m ɛ t r ə ˌ d ɒ n /; [2] lit. ' two measures of teeth ') is an extinct genus of sphenacodontid synapsid tetrapods that lived during the Cisuralian age of the Early Permian period, around 295–272 million years ago.
Among the other large pelycosaurs were Dimetrodon grandis and Edaphosaurus cruciger. Stem mammals (sometimes called protomammals or paramammals, and previously called mammal-like reptiles) — all synapsids, and all of their descendants, except for mammals themselves. [11]
Fossil remains of many Permian tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates) have been found in the Red Beds, including those of Dimetrodon, Edaphosaurus, Seymouria, Platyhystrix, and Eryops. A recurring feature in many of these animals is the sail structure on their backs. [3] Edaphosaurus pogonias and Platyhystrix
Restoration of two individuals of Sphenacodon. The skull is long, deep and narrow, an adaptation for strong jaw muscles. The front teeth are large and dagger-like, whereas the teeth in the sides and rear of the jaw are much smaller (hence the name of the well-known genus Dimetrodon – "two-measure tooth", although all members of the family have this attribute).
They were the earliest known herbivorous amniotes and, along with the Diadectidae, the earliest known herbivorous tetrapods. [3] The head is small in relation to the bulky body, and there is a tall sail along the back, which may have functioned as a thermoregulatory device.
Texas was also home to the pelycosaurs Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus. [40] Late in the Permian therapsids became the dominant large-bodied terrestrial vertebrates. These were the precursors of mammals. [42] The Permian ended with the most destructive mass extinction in all of Earth's history. Globally up to 96% of all species may have disappeared ...
The postcranial skeletal material from different individuals includes parts of the backbone with clear evidence of a tall sail very similar to that of Dimetrodon. The limbs and tail are incomplete but probably resembled those of Dimetrodon as well. Like Dimetrodon, Secodontosaurus would have had a short neck, robust body, short limbs, and a ...