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Concrete roofing is composed of concrete reinforced with fibers of some sort. Structural concrete can also be used for flat roof constructions. There are three main categories, precast/prestressed, cast-in-place and shell. There are many types of precast/prestressed concrete roofing. The following are the most common types. [9]
Sedum-based roof, eco-district of Eva Lanxmeer, Netherlands. Existing for several thousand years and used by a few pioneers in the United States, these roofs, intended for low-slope roofs, have made a comeback in northern Europe since the 1970s and are beginning to be established in Latin countries.
Flat roofs, or "low-slope" roofs, are also commonly found on commercial buildings throughout the world. The U.S.-based National Roofing Contractors Association defines a low-slope roof as having a slope of 3 in 12 (1:4) or less. [2] Flat roofs exist all over the world, and each area has its own tradition or preference for materials used.
Flat roofs actually slope up to approximately ten degrees to shed water. Flat roofs on houses are primarily found in arid regions. [2] In high-wind areas, such as where a cyclone or hurricane may make landfall, the main engineering consideration is to hold the roof down during severe storms. Every component of the roof, as of course the rest of ...
Bell-cast (sprocketed, flared): A roof with the shallow slope below the steeper slope at the eaves. Compare with bell roof. East Asian hip-and-gable roof; Mokoshi: A Japanese decorative pent roof; Pavilion roof : A low-pitched roof hipped equally on all sides and centered over a square or regular polygonal floor plan. [10]
A flat roof includes pitches as low as 1 ⁄ 2:12 to 2:12 (1 in 24 to 1 in 6), which are barely capable of properly shedding water. Such low-slope roofs (up to 4:12 (1 in 3)) require special materials and techniques to avoid leaks. [4] Conventional describes pitches from 4:12 (1 in 3) to 9:12 (3 in 4). [4]
A deck is also the surface used to construct a boardwalk over sand on barrier islands. Laying deck or throwing deck refers to the act of placing and bolting down cold-formed steel beneath roofing and concrete floors. This is usually done by an ironworker, sometimes in conjunction with a cement mason or carpenter. It regarded as one of the most ...
1. To shed water i.e., prevent water from standing on the roof surface. Water standing on the roof surface increases the live load on the roof structure, which is a safety issue. Standing water also contributes to premature deterioration of most roofing materials. Some roofing manufacturers' warranties are rendered void due to standing water. 2.