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The ancient history of Afghanistan, also referred to as the pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan, dates back to the prehistoric era and the Helmand civilization around 3300–2350 BCE. Archaeological exploration began in Afghanistan in earnest after World War II and proceeded until the late 1970s during the Soviet–Afghan War .
Upper Bala Hissar from west Kabul in 1879. Bala Hissar (lit. ' High Fort ') was an ancient fortress located in the south of the old city of Kabul, Afghanistan. The estimated date of construction is around the 5th century AD. [1] Bala Hissar sits to the south of the modern city centre at the tail end of the Kuh-e-Shēr Darwāzah (lion door ...
Kabul is also spelled as Cabool, Cabol, Kabol, or Cabul. [citation needed]Kabul was known by different names throughout its history. [23] Its meaning is unknown, but "certainly pre-dates the advent of Islam when it was an important centre on the route between India and the Hellenic world". [24]
The following is a timeline of the history of Kabul, Afghanistan ... Ancient. Indus Valley Civilisation: 2200–1800 BC: Oxus civilization: 2100–1800 BC: Gandhara ...
Ethno-linguistic map of Afghanistan 1997 Map of the situation in Afghanistan in August 2001 until October 2001. The Taliban started shelling Kabul in early 1995 but were defeated by forces of the Islamic State government under Ahmad Shah Massoud. [184] Amnesty International, referring to the Taliban offensive, wrote in a 1995 report:
Archaeology of Afghanistan, mainly conducted by British and French antiquarians, has had a heavy focus on the treasure filled Buddhist monasteries that lined the silk road from the 1st c. BCE – 6th c. AD. Particularly the ancient civilizations in the region during the Hellenistic period and the Kushan Empire. [2]
Kabul: 2009 iv (cultural) The Gardens of Babur, located on the slopes above Kabul, are an early example of a Mughal garden. The gardens were constructed in the early 16th century under the first Mughal Emperor Babur, who is also buried here. After the decline of the Mughals, the gardens were decaying until the late 19th century.
Map of the Kingdom of Caboul, published in 1838 by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. The name Caboul was attributed to most of current territories of Afghanistan. Kabulistan (Persian: کابلستان) is a historical regional name referring to the territory that is centered on present-day Kabul Province of Afghanistan. [1] [2]