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In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
A single NOR gate. A NOR gate or a NOT OR gate is a logic gate which gives a positive output only when both inputs are negative.. Like NAND gates, NOR gates are so-called "universal gates" that can be combined to form any other kind of logic gate.
There are three symbols for NOR gates: the American (ANSI or 'military') symbol and the IEC ('European' or 'rectangular') symbol, as well as the deprecated DIN symbol. For more information see Logic Gate Symbols. The ANSI symbol for the NOR gate is a standard OR gate with an inversion bubble connected.
In Boolean logic, logical NOR, [1] non-disjunction, or joint denial [1] is a truth-functional operator which produces a result that is the negation of logical or. That is, a sentence of the form ( p NOR q ) is true precisely when neither p nor q is true—i.e. when both p and q are false .
A Boolean value is either true or false. A Boolean expression may be composed of a combination of the Boolean constants True/False or Yes/No, Boolean-typed variables, Boolean-valued operators, and Boolean-valued functions. [1] Boolean expressions correspond to propositional formulas in logic and are a special case of Boolean circuits. [2]
In logic and mathematics, statements and are said to be logically equivalent if they have the same truth value in every model. [1] The logical equivalence of p {\displaystyle p} and q {\displaystyle q} is sometimes expressed as p ≡ q {\displaystyle p\equiv q} , p :: q {\displaystyle p::q} , E p q {\displaystyle {\textsf {E}}pq} , or p q ...
Apart from logical connectives (Boolean operators), functional completeness can be introduced in other domains. For example, a set of reversible gates is called functionally complete, if it can express every reversible operator. The 3-input Fredkin gate is functionally complete reversible gate by itself – a sole sufficient operator.
In high-level computer programming and digital electronics, logical conjunction is commonly represented by an infix operator, usually as a keyword such as "AND", an algebraic multiplication, or the ampersand symbol & (sometimes doubled as in &&). Many languages also provide short-circuit control structures corresponding to logical conjunction.