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The LP (from long playing [2] or long play) is an analog sound storage medium, specifically a phonograph record format characterized by: a speed of 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 rpm; a 12- or 10-inch (30- or 25-cm) diameter; use of the "microgroove" groove specification; and a vinyl (a copolymer of vinyl chloride acetate) composition disk.
The introduction of polyvinyl chloride in record production led to vinyl records, which played with less noise and more durability. [ 3 ] In the 1940s the market for commercial- and home-use recordings was dominated by the competing RCA Victor and Columbia Records , whose chief engineer Peter Carl Goldmark pioneered the development of the 12 ...
Record restoration, a particular kind of audio restoration, is the process of converting the analog signal stored on gramophone records (either 78 rpm shellac, or 45 and 33⅓ rpm vinyl) into digital audio files that can then be edited with computer software and eventually stored on a hard-drive, recorded to digital tape, or burned to a CD or DVD.
Vinyl, acetate, and shellac discs being exposed to soil and fungus spores. Library of Congress Study, 1959. The conservation and restoration of vinyl discs refers to the preventive measures taken to defend against damage and slow degradation, and to maintain fidelity of singles, 12" singles, EP’s, and LP’s in 45 or 33⅓ rpm 10" disc ...
In June 2017, Sony Music announced that by March 2018 it would be producing vinyl records in-house for the first time since ceasing its production in 1989. The BBC reported that "Sony's move comes a few months after it equipped its Tokyo studio with a cutting lathe, used to produce the master discs needed for manufacturing vinyl records", but the company "is even struggling to find older ...
At the time, as a cost-cutting measure, most industry record pressing plants were using recycled or "reground" vinyl, taking old and unsold records, cutting out the center with the paper labels, then melting the rest down and reusing the material to make new records. Such "reground" vinyl records typically sounded much noisier and scratchier ...
Three vinyl records of different formats, from left to right: a 12 inch LP, a 10 inch LP, a 7 inch single. A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English) or a vinyl record (for later varieties only) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.
The New Face of Vinyl: Youth's Digital Devolution is a 2011 photo documentary project that explores the vinyl revival, a newfound interest in vinyl records by youth. [1] The project was co-created by two Baldwin-Wallace College students Benjamin Meadors and Owen M. McCafferty II.