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Niʻihau (Hawaiian: [ˈniʔiˈhɐw]), anglicized as Niihau (/ ˈ n iː (i) h aʊ / NEE-(ee-)how), is the westernmost main and seventh largest island in Hawaii. It is 17.5 miles (28.2 km) southwest of Kauaʻi across the Kaulakahi Channel .
Puʻuwai (literally, "heart" in Hawaiian, [1] pronounced [puʔuˈvɐj]) is an unincorporated community in Kauai County, Hawaii, United States, [2] and the only settlement on the island of Niʻihau.
The seabird colonies in the IBA form one of the largest assemblages of tropical seabirds in the world, with over 14 million birds of 21 species. [11] Some of the endemic species of the NWHI include the Nihoa and Laysan finch, the Laysan duck (the "rarest native waterfowl in the United States"), [12] and the Nihoa fan palm.
Map showing the location of Nihoa in the Hawaiian island chain. Nihoa (/ n iː ˈ h oʊ. ə /; Hawaiian: Nīhoa [niːˈhowə] or Hawaiian: Nihoa), also known as Bird Island or Moku Manu, is the tallest of ten islands and atolls in the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI).
The Kalohi Channel is the stretch of water separating Lānaʻi and Molokaʻi. Depth of water in this channel is about 260 feet (79 m) and width is 9.3 miles (15.0 km). This is one of the less treacherous channels between islands in the archipelago, although strong winds and choppy sea conditions are frequent.
During World War II and the following decades, it was used as a training ground and bombing range by the Armed Forces of the United States. After decades of protests, the U.S. Navy ended live-fire training exercises on Kahoʻolawe in 1990, and the whole island was transferred to the jurisdiction of the state of Hawaii in 1994.
Tristan da Cunha, a group of volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, is the most isolated inhabited archipelago on the planet, making its 242 residents quite self-sufficent.
Halulu Lake is a lake in the south central region of the island of Niʻihau (the smallest inhabited island in the chain). [2] It is the largest (non-intermittent) natural lake in the Hawaiian Islands and ranks third in size after Hālaliʻi Lake (also on Niʻihau) and Keālia Pond (on Maui) which are intermittent bodies of water.