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Papaver somniferum, commonly known as the opium poppy [2] or breadseed poppy, [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae. It is the species of plant from which both opium and poppy seeds are derived and is also a valuable ornamental plant grown in gardens.
A poppy is a flowering plant in the subfamily Papaveroideae of the family Papaveraceae. Poppies are herbaceous plants , often grown for their colourful flowers. One species of poppy, Papaver somniferum , is the source of the narcotic drug mixture opium , which contains powerful medicinal alkaloids such as morphine and has been used since ...
Opium, Opium poppy: Papaver somniferum: Latex exudate: [70] morphine 0.3–25% and codeine 0.5–4% Depressant: From the earliest finds, opium appears to have had ritual significance, and anthropologists have speculated ancient priests may have used the drug as a proof of healing power. [71]
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids are found in several plant families, including the poppy family (Papaveraceae), the annonaceae family, and the laurel family. [1] Well-known representatives are primarily found in poppy plants, specifically those from which opium is derived, as well as in actaea. [2]
Poppy tea is a herbal tea infusion brewed from poppy straw or seeds of several species of poppy. The species most commonly used for this purpose is Papaver somniferum, which produces opium as a natural defense against predators. In the live flower, opium is released when the surface of the bulb, called the seed pod, is pierced or scraped.
This includes "Opium Poppy" which the 2002 law defines as parts of the plants Papaver somniferum, Papaver setigerum, Papaver orientale, Papaver bracteatum, and Papaper rhoeas including substances derived thereof "even for floral, decorative and culinary purposes". This legally prohibits poppy seed used for food.
Opium (or poppy tears, scientific name: Lachryma papaveris) is dried latex obtained from the seed capsules of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum. [4] Approximately 12 percent of opium is made up of the analgesic alkaloid morphine, which is processed chemically to produce heroin and other synthetic opioids for medicinal use and for the illegal drug trade.
The plant contains a latex that thickens into opium when it is dried. Opium contains approximately 40 alkaloids, which are summarized as opium alkaloids. [6] The main psychoactive alkaloids are: Morphine: 3 to 20% in opium [6] Codeine 0.1 to 4% in opium [6] Thebaine 0.1 to 4% in opium [6] Noscapine 1 to 11% in opium [6] Oripavine
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