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Since the 2010s, oxybutynin has increasingly been used to treat hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating). [15] [16] Numerous studies have identified concrete benefits of the drug in treating this condition, but have not identified appropriate dosing or the full spectrum of possible side effects, although dry mouth is seemingly infrequent in patients with hyperhidrosis.
Normal aging results in changes in cardiac, respiratory, and renal physiology, and the response of the elderly patient to surgical stress is often unpredictable. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of elderly and younger patients also differ; moreover, the elderly patient's use of multiple medications may alter homeostatic mechanisms. [1]
Oxybutynin: M1/3/4 selective overactive bladder; urge incontinence; Ditropan Pirenzepine: M1-selective [5] in peptic ulcer (not much anymore) [5] (fewer than non-selective ones) [5] Inhibits gastric secretion [5] Procyclidine: NS: Drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia and acute dystonia; PD; Idiopathic or secondary dystonia
Malnutrition and poor nutritional status is an area of concern, affecting 12% to 50% of hospitalized elderly patients and 23% to 50% of institutionalized elderly patients living in long-term care facilities such as assisted living communities and skilled nursing facilities. [19]
The first-line therapy for most patients is an anticholinergic medication. These are used for patients with over-active bladder muscles, who have lost the ability to hold their urine in. [2] Oxybutynin is a common anti-cholinergic medication used to reduce bladder contractions by blocking M3 muscarinic receptors in the detrusor muscle.
In elderly patients, meclofenoxate has been shown to improve performance on certain memory tests. [5] Meclofenoxate also increases cellular membrane phospholipids. [citation needed] It is sold in Japan and some European countries, such as Germany, Hungary, and Austria, as a prescription drug.
One of the major causes of elderly falls is hyponatremia, an electrolyte disturbance in which the level of sodium in a person's serum drops below 135 mEq/L. Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder encountered in the elderly patient population. Studies have shown that older patients are more prone to hyponatremia as a result of ...
Patients taking oxybutynin and other anticholinergic drugs experience a 70% reduction of incontinence episode frequency, on average. Approximately 1 in 4 patients experience complete dryness while taking oxybutynin.