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A supercomputer is a type of computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second instead of million instructions per second (MIPS). Since 2022, supercomputers have existed which can perform over 10 18 FLOPS, so called ...
By 1983 Cray and Control Data were supercomputer leaders; despite its lead in the overall computer market, IBM was unable to produce a profitable competitor. [24] The Cray-2, released in 1985, was a four-processor liquid cooled computer totally immersed in a tank of Fluorinert, which bubbled as it operated. [10]
At first, the concept of building another supercomputer seemed impossible, but after Cray Research's Chief Technology Officer travelled to Wall Street and found a lineup of investors willing to back Cray, all that was needed was a design. For four years Cray Research designed its first computer. [3] In 1975 the 80 MHz Cray-1 was announced.
HPE Frontier at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility is the world's first exascale supercomputer. Exascale computing refers to computing systems capable of calculating at least 10 18 IEEE 754 Double Precision (64-bit) operations (multiplications and/or additions) per second (exa FLOPS)"; [1] it is a measure of supercomputer performance.
On May 25, 2008, an American supercomputer built by IBM, named 'Roadrunner', reached the computing milestone of one petaFLOPS. It headed the June 2008 and November 2008 TOP500 list of the most powerful supercomputers (excluding grid computers). [45] [46] The computer is located at
The Blue Gene/P supercomputer at Argonne National Lab. The IBM Blue Gene supercomputer uses the CNK operating system on the compute nodes, but uses a modified Linux-based kernel called I/O Node Kernel on the I/O nodes. [3] [19] CNK is a lightweight kernel that runs on each node and supports a single application running for a single user on that ...
The term supercomputer itself is rather fluid, and the speed of today's supercomputers tends to become typical of tomorrow's ordinary computer. Supercomputer processing speeds are measured in floating-point operations per second, or FLOPS. An example of a floating-point operation is the calculation of mathematical equations in real numbers.
This list of computer size categories attempts to list commonly used categories of computer by the physical size of the device and its chassis or case, in descending order of size. One generation's "supercomputer" is the next generation's "mainframe", and a "PDA" does not have the same set of functions as a "laptop", but the list still has ...