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This page covers the conifers (class Pinopsida). For the background to this list see parent article List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland. All are part of the order Pinales. Status key: * indicates an introduced species and e indicates an extinct species.
Conifers account for around one half (51%) of the UK woodland area, although this proportion varies from around one quarter (26%) in England to around three quarters (74%) in Scotland. [8] Britain's native tree flora comprises 32 species, of which 29 are broadleaves. The UK's industry and populace uses at least 50 million tonnes of timber a year.
Rockingham Forest was a royal hunting forest. The Commission originally expanded the forest using fast growing conifers, but has begun a project to convert much of this to mixed woodland. [53] [54] Salcey Forest: Northamptonshire: 495 Salcey Forest has a 20 metre high "Tree Top Walkway".
Non-native conifers are the tallest trees now found in Scotland. At 64.3 metres (211 ft), a Grand Fir planted beside Loch Fyne, Argyll in the 1870s was named as the UK's tallest tree in 2011, [35] however it has since been surpassed by a Douglas fir in Reelig Glen near Inverness, which is 66.4 metres (218 ft) high. [36]
This is not ancient wood, but a 19th-century conifer plantation, which was replanted in the 1950s with beech, Norway spruce, Western hemlock and Grand fir. Also, a re-instated open-cast ironstone quarry on the eastern side was planted with Corsican pine .
The order Pinales in the division Pinophyta, class Pinopsida, comprises all the extant conifers. The distinguishing characteristic is the reproductive structure known as a cone produced by all Pinales. All of the extant conifers, such as Araucaria, cedar, celery-pine, cypress, fir, juniper, kauri, larch, pine, redwood, spruce, and yew, are ...
Calocedrus decurrens is a large tree, typically reaching heights of 30–40 meters (100–130 ft) and a trunk diameter up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in). The largest known tree, located in Klamath National Forest, Siskiyou County, California, is 47.98 m (157 ft 5 in) tall with a 12 m (39 ft 4 in) circumference trunk and a 17.5 m (57 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) spread. [8]
The great majority of conifer genera and species are evergreen, retaining their leaves for several (2–40) years before falling, but unusual deciduous conifers occur in five genera (Larix, Pseudolarix, Glyptostrobus, Metasequoia and Taxodium), shedding their leaves in autumn and leafless through the winter.
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