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The nucleolus (/ nj uː ˈ k l iː ə l ə s, ˌ nj uː k l i ˈ oʊ l ə s /; pl.: nucleoli /-l aɪ /) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. [1] It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to ...
The protoplasmic material of the nucleus including the nucleolus labelled as nucleoplasm. The nucleoplasm, also known as karyoplasm, [1] is the type of protoplasm that makes up the cell nucleus, the most prominent organelle of the eukaryotic cell. It is enclosed by the nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane. [2]
The cell nucleus (from Latin nucleus or nuculeus ' kernel, seed '; pl.: nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.Eukaryotic cells usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others including osteoclasts have many.
Seen against a sea of B cells, they give the tissue a moth-eaten appearance. [1] Reed–Sternberg cells are large (30–50 microns) and are either multinucleated or have a bilobed nucleus with prominent eosinophilic inclusion-like nucleoli (thus resembling an "owl's eye" appearance).
However, in order for the cell to function, proteins must be able to access the sequence information contained within the DNA, in spite of its tightly-packed nature. Hence, the cell has a number of mechanisms in place to control how DNA is organized. [4] Moreover, nuclear organization can play a role in establishing cell identity.
Nuclear bodies were first seen as prominent interchromatin structures in the nuclei of malignant or hyperstimulated animal cells [7] [8] identified using anti-sp100 autoantibodies from primary biliary cirrhosis and subsequently the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) factor, but appear also to be elevated in many autoimmune and cancerous diseases. [9]
Alzheimer type II astrocytosis occurs when the astrocyte cell is swollen and exhibits a large nucleus along with a significant nucleolus. [4] Alzheimer type II astrocytes are visually characterized by an enlarged size and lack of cytoplasm. [5]
Immunoblasts are distinguished from centroblasts by being B cell-derived lymphoid cells that have moderate-to-abundant basophilic cytoplasm and a prominent, centrally located, trapezoid-shaped single nucleolus which often has fine strands of chromatin attached to the nuclear membrane (‘spider legs’).