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An epicanthic fold or epicanthus [6] is a skin fold of the upper eyelid that covers the inner corner (medial canthus) of the eye. [3] However, variation occurs in the nature of this feature and the presence of "partial epicanthic folds" or "slight epicanthic folds" is noted in the relevant literature.
Brushfield spots (small white or grayish/brown spots on the periphery of the iris), upward slanting palpebral fissures (the opening between the upper and lower lids) and epicanthal folds (folds of skin between the upper eyelid and the nose) are clinical signs at birth suggesting the diagnosis of Down syndrome [57] [58] especially in the Western ...
Girl with epicanthal folds A diagram showing a complete cleft lip and palate. Unevenly positioned eyes that may be crossed or wide-set (hypertelorism) [5] Vision problems due to abnormal facial anatomy, which causes mechanical disturbances of the extraocular muscles, resulting in strabismus (crossed eyes) [3]
Although an epicanthic fold can also be associated with a less prominent upper eyelid crease (a feature commonly termed "single eyelids" as opposed to "double eyelids"), the two features are distinct; a person may have both epicanthal folds and an upper eyelid crease, one and not the other, or neither. [2]
epicanthic fold is not unheard of in scottish peoples, this may be due to gentic backgrounds involving scythians via the pictish people or from the 5000 sarmation shoulder brought in by the romans. I have epicanthic fold as do many of my male relatives and Im scottish descent. Some of my relatives also have exhibited mongolian spot.
This may be accompanied by epicanthal folds (extra fold of skin at the inner corner of the eye), ptosis (drooping of the eyelids), proptosis (bulging eyes), strabismus (inward or outward turning of the eyes), nystagmus (jerking movement of the eyes) and refractive visual errors. The nose may be small, wide, and upturned.
The term was motivated by the observation that people with Down syndrome often have epicanthic folds. [53] Coined in 1908, the term remained in medical usage until the 1950s. In 1961, its use was deprecated by a group of genetic experts in an article in The Lancet due to its "misleading connotations". [ 54 ]
In adults, the average weight varies from around 40 kg (88 pounds) for the smallest and most lightly built tropical people to around 80 kg (176 pounds) for the heavier northern peoples. [2] Size also varies between the sexes, with the sexual dimorphism in humans being more pronounced than that of chimpanzees , but less than the dimorphism found ...