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Cut spinel. Spinel crystallizes in the isometric system; common crystal forms are octahedra, usually twinned. It has no true cleavage, but shows an octahedral parting and a conchoidal fracture. [8] Its hardness is 8, its specific gravity is 3.5–4.1, and it is transparent to opaque with a vitreous to dull luster.
Mohs hardness of materials (data page) Vickers hardness test; Brinell scale This page was last edited on ...
Inverse spinel structures have a different cation distribution in that all of the A cations and half of the B cations occupy octahedral sites, while the other half of the B cations occupy tetrahedral sites. An example of an inverse spinel is Fe 3 O 4, if the Fe 2+ (A 2+) ions are d 6 high-spin and the Fe 3+ (B 3+) ions are d 5 high-spin.
Hercynite is a spinel mineral with the formula FeAl 2 O 4. It occurs in high-grade metamorphosed iron-rich argillaceous (clay-containing) sediments as well as in mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks. Due to its hardness it also is found in placers. [2]
It forms brown to black metallic isometric crystals with a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6. It belongs to the spinel group of minerals, as does magnetite, Fe 3 O 4. Ulvöspinel forms as solid solutions with magnetite at high temperatures and reducing conditions, and grains crystallized from some basalt-gabbro magmas are rich in the ulvöspinel component.
The mineral ceylonite has the chemical composition of (Mg, Fe 2+) Al 2 O 4, putting it into a group of minerals known as the spinel group, or the oxide spinels. The oxide spinels have a formula of the model [A][B] 2 O 4; where [A] is commonly Fe 2+, Mg 2+, or Mn 2+, and [B] is Fe 3+, Al 3+, or Cr 3+. It is an iron-rich variety of the spinel ...
Ringwoodite is polymorphous with forsterite, Mg 2 SiO 4, and has a spinel structure.Spinel group minerals crystallize in the isometric system with an octahedral habit. Olivine is most abundant in the upper mantle, above about 410 km (250 mi); the olivine polymorphs wadsleyite and ringwoodite are thought to dominate the transition zone of the mantle, a zone present from about 410 to 660 km
Most pieces of the gem, prior to Taaffe, had been misidentified as spinel. For many years afterwards, it was known only in a few samples, and it is still one of the rarest gemstone minerals in the world. [6] Since 2002, the International Mineralogical Association-approved name for taaffeite as a mineral is magnesiotaaffeite-2N'2S.