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Genki: An Integrated Course in Elementary Japanese is a textbook for learners of the Japanese language that starts at an absolute beginner level. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The textbook is divided into two volumes, containing 23 lessons focusing on Japanese grammar, vocabulary, and kanji. [ 11 ]
Remembering the Kana: A Guide to Reading and Writing the Japanese Syllabaries in 3 hours each [7] is a book by James Heisig for remembering hiragana and katakana. It uses mostly the same imaginative memory technique as Remembering the Kanji I, though some katakana are prompted to be learned as simplified forms of their hiragana counterparts.
Hiragana originated as simplified forms of similar-sounding Chinese characters. Hiragana character shapes were derived from Chinese cursive script (sōsho). Shown here is a sample of cursive script by 7th century calligrapher Sun Guoting. Note the character 為 (wei), indicated by the red arrow, closely resembles the hiragana character ゐ (wi).
The modern Japanese writing system uses a combination of logographic kanji, which are adopted Chinese characters, and syllabic kana.Kana itself consists of a pair of syllabaries: hiragana, used primarily for native or naturalized Japanese words and grammatical elements; and katakana, used primarily for foreign words and names, loanwords, onomatopoeia, scientific names, and sometimes for emphasis.
In each entry, the top entry is the hiragana, the second entry is the corresponding katakana, the third entry is the Hepburn romanization of the kana, and the fourth entry is the pronunciation written in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Please see Japanese phonology for more details on the individual sounds.
Verbs written entirely in hiragana are pentagrade verbs. For example, びびる (bibiru, to be surprised) and のめる (nomeru, to fall forward) are pentagrade verbs. Kanji verbs with 1 okurigana and 3+ syllables are pentagrade verbs. For example, 契る (chi-gi-ru, to pledge) and 嘲る (a-za-ke-ru, to ridicule) are pentagrade verbs.
A (hiragana: あ, katakana: ア) is a Japanese kana that represents the mora consisting of single vowel [a]. The hiragana character あ is based on the sōsho style of kanji 安, while the katakana ア is from the radical of kanji 阿. In the modern Japanese system of alphabetical order, it occupies the first position of the alphabet, before い.
The hiragana symbols are also ordered in a consistent way across different keyboards. For example, the Q , W , E , R , T , Y keys correspond to た, て, い, す, か, ん ( ta , te , i , su , ka , and n ) respectively when the computer is used for direct hiragana input.
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