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Structural model at atomic resolution of bacteriophage T4 [1] The structure of a typical myovirus bacteriophage Anatomy and infection cycle of bacteriophage T4.. A bacteriophage (/ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i oʊ f eɪ dʒ /), also known informally as a phage (/ ˈ f eɪ dʒ /), is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.
[56] [57] Viruses, just like bacteria, can evolve resistance to different treatments. [58] Bacteriophages are very specific, targeting only one or a few strains of bacteria. [59] Traditional antibiotics have a more wide-ranging effect, killing both harmful and useful bacteria, such as those facilitating food digestion. [60]
During the lysogenic cycle, the virus genome is incorporated as prophage and a repressor prevents viral replication. Nonetheless, a temperate phage can escape repression to replicate, produce viral particles, and lyse the bacteria. [13] The temperate phage escaping repression would be a disadvantage for the bacteria.
Phage typing is a phenotypic method that uses bacteriophages ("phages" for short) for detecting and identifying single strains of bacteria. [1] Phages are viruses that infect bacteria and may lead to bacterial cell lysis. [2] The bacterial strain is assigned a type based on its lysis pattern. [3]
Vampire viruses prey on other viruses to replicate themselves. These particular viruses are caused when a bacteriophage latches onto a soil-based virus’s neck and uses its “life” to survive ...
A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to "phage") genome that is integrated into the circular bacterial chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid within the bacterial cell. [1] Integration of prophages into the bacterial host is the characteristic step of the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages.
Bacteriophage Lambda Structure at Atomic Resolution [1] Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ, officially Escherichia virus Lambda) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli (E. coli). It was discovered by Esther Lederberg in 1950. [2]
The average virion is about one one-hundredth the linear size of the average bacterium. A teaspoon of seawater typically contains about fifty million viruses. [6] Most of these viruses are bacteriophages which infect and destroy marine bacteria and control the growth of phytoplankton at the base of the marine food web. Bacteriophages are ...