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Banking in Canada began to migrate in earnest from colonial overseas banking operations to a local banking system with the founding of the Bank of Montreal in 1817. [6] Other banks soon followed and began business, and after a lengthy approval process began unregulated banking business. These institutions issued their own local bank notes as ...
In 1998, the Bank of Montreal proposed a merger with the Royal Bank of Canada around the same time that CIBC proposed to combine with the Toronto-Dominion Bank. [23] The banks argued that these mergers would enable them to compete globally with other financial institutions. [33] This would have left Canada with only three major national banks.
Colonial Bank of Canada 1856 1863 Only operated in 1859, before it failed. [98] Commercial Bank of Canada 1831 1868 Founded in 1831 as the Commercial Bank of the Midland District, the name changed to the Commercial Bank of Canada in 1856. [99] Merged with the Merchants Bank in Montreal to form the Merchants' Bank of Canada. [100]
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Canada has a strong cooperative banking sector, with the world's highest per-capita membership in credit unions. [39] It ranks low in the Corruption Perceptions Index (14th in 2023) [40] and "is widely regarded as among the least corrupt countries of the world". [41]
The Canadian banking industry includes 20 domestic banks, 24 foreign bank subsidiaries and 22 foreign bank branches operating in Canada. [9] ATB Financial , a financial institution owned by the Government of Alberta , and Canada's many credit unions, are not included in this list.
The National Bank of Canada (French: Banque Nationale du Canada) is the sixth largest commercial bank in Canada. It is headquartered in Montreal , and has branches in most Canadian provinces and 2.4 million personal clients. [ 4 ]
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