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Precise positioning is increasingly used in the fields including robotics, autonomous navigation, agriculture, construction, and mining. [2]The major weaknesses of PPP, compared with conventional consumer GNSS methods, are that it takes more processing power, it requires an outside ephemeris correction stream, and it takes some time (up to tens of minutes) to converge to full accuracy.
For very precise positioning (e.g., in geodesy), these effects can be eliminated by differential GPS: the simultaneous use of two or more receivers at several survey points. In the 1990s when receivers were quite expensive, some methods of quasi-differential GPS were developed, using only one receiver but
Horizontal dilution of precision VDOP Vertical dilution of precision PDOP Position (3D) dilution of precision TDOP Time dilution of precision GDOP Geometric dilution of precision. These values follow mathematically from the positions of the usable satellites. Signal receivers allow the display of these positions (skyplot) as well as the DOP values.
GNSS-2 is the second generation of systems that independently provide a full civilian satellite navigation system, exemplified by the European Galileo positioning system. [5] These systems will provide the accuracy and integrity monitoring necessary for civil navigation; including aircraft.
Satellite navigation solution for the receiver's position (geopositioning) involves an algorithm.In essence, a GNSS receiver measures the transmitting time of GNSS signals emitted from four or more GNSS satellites (giving the pseudorange) and these measurements are used to obtain its position (i.e., spatial coordinates) and reception time.
GNSS enhancement refers to techniques used to improve the accuracy of positioning information provided by the Global Positioning System or other global navigation satellite systems in general, a network of satellites used for navigation.
The post-processed measurements allow more precise positioning, because most GPS errors affect each receiver nearly equally, and therefore can be cancelled out in the calculations. Differential GPS measurements can also be computed in real time by some GPS receivers if they receive a correction signal using a separate radio receiver, for ...
Accuracy is increased in a CORS network, because more than one station helps ensure correct positioning and guards against a false initialization of a single base station. [9] A Virtual Reference Network (VRN) can similarly enhance precision without using a base station, [10] using virtual reference stations (VRS), instead. The concept can help ...