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Miliaria, commonly known as heat rash, sweat rash, or prickly heat, [1] is a skin disease marked by small, itchy rashes due to sweat trapped under the skin by clogged sweat-gland ducts. Miliaria is a common ailment in hot and humid conditions, such as in the tropics and during the summer. [ 2 ]
Pressure alopecia, also known as postoperative alopecia, and pressure-induced alopecia, [1] occurs in adults after prolonged pressure on the scalp during general anesthesia, with the head fixed in one position, and may also occur in chronically ill persons after prolonged bed rest in one position that causes persistent pressure on one part of the scalp, all likely due to pressure-induced ischemia.
Trichorrhexis invaginata is a distinctive hair shaft abnormality that may occur sporadically, either in normal hair or with other hair shaft abnormalities, or regularly as a marker for Netherton syndrome.
The pathogenesis of pseudopelade of Brocq is still not well understood. A number of potential contributing variables include senescence of the follicular stem cell reserve, acquired autoimmunity, and Borrelia infection. [3]
Onychomadesis is defined by the nail plate's detachment from the matrix, its continuous connection to the nail bed, and, frequently but not always, shedding. [4] Beau lines are transverse ridges on the nail plates. [5]
Anagen effluvium is the pathologic loss of anagen or growth-phase hairs. Classically, it is caused by radiation therapy to the head and systemic chemotherapy, especially with alkylating agents.
Severe congenital onychogryphosis affecting all twenty nailbeds has been recorded in two families who exhibit the dominant allele for a certain gene. [6] [7]Congenital onychogryphosis of the fifth toe (the baby, little, pinky or small toe) is fairly common, but asymptomatic and seldom brought to the attention of medical professionals.
Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei, also known as acne agminata, is a disease with a similar appearance to acne vulgaris. [1] [2] The cause of LMDF is unknown.LMDF usually occurs on the face, but extrafacial presentations have been reported.