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English: Nautical chart of the Bay of Islands, Newfoundland, at a scale of 1:74,400. Surveyed by Staff Commander W.F. Maxwell assisted by the officers of the Newfoundland Survey 1880-1. Not current - not to be used for navigation!
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The NOTMAR web site also includes the historical Chart corrections and historical Sailing Direction corrections; as well, it provides access to downloadable Chart Patches, contains links to CHS’s Chart Number 1, instructions for applying Notices to mariners to manually update their paper charts, and other useful information. [citation needed]
A nautical mile is a unit of length used in air, marine, and space navigation, and for the definition of territorial waters. [2] [3] [4] Historically, it was defined as the meridian arc length corresponding to one minute ( 1 / 60 of a degree) of latitude at the equator, so that Earth's polar circumference is very near to 21,600 nautical miles (that is 60 minutes × 360 degrees).
Part of an 1872 Admiralty chart of Sicily showing Mount Etna and the port of Riposto. The orange indicates the position of a lighthouse. 1900 Admiralty Chart of Portree Harbour, using contours for the hills. Experiments were made with the use of lithography from the 1820s, but results were not entirely satisfactory.
On nautical charts, the top of the chart is always true north, rather than magnetic north, towards which a compass points. Most charts include a compass rose depicting the variation between magnetic and true north. However, the use of the Mercator projection has drawbacks. This projection shows the lines of longitude as parallel.
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