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In the federal circuit court case of Corfield v.Coryell, [1] Justice Bushrod Washington wrote in 1823 that the protections provided by the clause are confined to privileges and immunities which are, "in their nature, fundamental; which belong, of right, to the citizens of all free governments; and which have, at all times, been enjoyed by the citizens of the several states which compose this ...
The Privileges and Immunities Clause requires interstate protection of "privileges and immunities," preventing each state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner. The Extradition Clause requires that fugitives from justice be extradited on the demand of executive authority of the state from which they flee.
The primary author of the Privileges or Immunities Clause was Congressman John Bingham of Ohio. The common historical view is that Bingham's primary inspiration, at least for his initial prototype of this Clause, was the Privileges and Immunities Clause in Article Four of the United States Constitution, [1] [2] which provided that "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges ...
Largely because the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV has from the beginning guaranteed the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states, the Supreme Court has rarely construed the phrase "within its jurisdiction" in relation to natural persons. [136] In Plyler v.
Presentment Clause: I: 7: 2-3 Privileges and Immunities Clause: IV: 2: 1 Property Clause [citation needed] IV: 3: 2 Qualifications Clause [citation needed] I: 2: 1 Qualifications (of Senators) Clause [citation needed] I: 3: 3 Qualifications Clause (for Presidency) [citation needed] II: 1: 5 Reception Clause: II: 3: 4 Republican Government ...
In 1823, the circuit court in Corfield had provided a list of the rights (some fundamental, some not) which the clause could cover. [6] [7] The Wheeler court dramatically changed this. It was the first to locate the right to travel in the privileges and immunities clause, providing the right with a specific guarantee of constitutional ...
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Defines citizenship, contains the Privileges or Immunities Clause, the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause, and deals with post–Civil War issues. June 13, 1866 July 9, 1868 2 years, 26 days 15th: Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color or previous condition of servitude. February 26, 1869 February 3, 1870