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Supravital stain of a smear of human blood from a patient with hemolytic anemia. The reticulocytes are the cells with the dark blue dots and curved linear structures (reticulum) in the cytoplasm. Supravital staining is a method of staining used in microscopy to examine living cells that
In a more strict sense, the term vital staining has a meaning contrasting with supravital staining. While in supravital staining the living cells take up the stain, in "vital staining" – the most accepted but apparently paradoxical meaning of this term, the living cells exclude the stain i.e. stain negatively and only the dead cells stain ...
Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR), also known as percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI), is the replacement of the pulmonary valve via catheterization through a vein. It is a significantly less invasive procedure in comparison to open heart surgery and is commonly used to treat conditions such as pulmonary atresia .
Mitral valve repair is mainly used to treat stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage) of the mitral valve. [citation needed] A mitral balloon valvuloplasty enlarges the valve opening to allow greater oxygenated blood flow into the left ventricle, and since severe mitral regurgitation can be a major complication, degrees of stenosis, regurgitation, and valve anatomical features are taken ...
Valve replacement surgery is the replacement of one or more of the heart valves with either an artificial heart valve or a bioprosthesis (homograft from human tissue or xenograft e.g. from pig). It is an alternative to valve repair .
The implantation of the Hancock Aortic Tissue Valve typically involves open-heart surgery. [14] During the procedure, the damaged or diseased native aortic valve is removed, and the prosthetic valve is sutured in its place. The secure attachment of the valve is crucial to ensure proper functionality and prevent complications such as leakage.
The devices are implanted without open heart surgery. The valve delivery system is inserted in the body, the valve is positioned and then implanted inside the diseased aortic valve, and then the delivery system is removed. The catheter-based delivery system can be inserted into the body from one of several sites. [14]
Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure whereby a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve. The aortic valve may need to be replaced because of aortic regurgitation (back flow), or if the valve is narrowed by stenosis .
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