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Telephone numbers in Canada follow the fixed-length format of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) of a three-digit area code, a three-digit central office code (or exchange code), and a four-digit station or line code. This is represented as NPA NXX XXXX. [1]
0–9. Area codes 204, 431, and 584; Area code 250; Area codes 306, 639, and 474; Area codes 418, 581, and 367; Area code 403; Area codes 416, 647, and 437
Area codes are also assigned for non-geographic purposes. The rules for numbering NPAs do not permit the digits 0 and 1 in the leading position. [1] Area codes with two identical trailing digits are easily recognizable codes (ERC). NPAs with 9 in the second position are reserved for future format expansion.
A new overlay area code, 437, started operation on March 25, 2013. [6] [7] That effectively allocates 24 million numbers to a city of 2.5 million people. Area code 942 is scheduled for addition to the 416/647/437 overlay on April 26, 2025. [8] Area code 387 has been reserved for Toronto's future use.
Despite Quebec City's rapid growth, by the turn of the millennium, area code 418 was the last of Quebec and Ontario's original four area codes not to have been split. By 2006, however, area code 418 was on the brink of exhaustion because of Canada's system of number allocation.
Each NPA was identified by a three-digit area code used as a prefix to each local telephone number. The United States received seventy-seven area codes, and Canada nine. The initial system of numbering plan areas and area codes was expanded rapidly during the ensuing decades, and established the North American Numbering Plan (NANP).
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No area codes have been split in Canada since 1999. Area code 438 was considered for overlaying 450 as well, but a later decision determined instead that 579 would be the overlay code. [4] In February 2017, area code 263 was reserved as the third area code in the region, and was placed in service on October 22, 2022. [5]