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The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word βένθος (bénthos), meaning "the depths". [1]
The benthic zone is the ecological zone located at the bottom of any marine or freshwater body, such as a river, ocean, lake or pond. The benthic zone includes the sediment surface. Benthic zones are found all across the world, wherever there is an appreciable water body.
The layer that the benthos occupy is called the benthic zone, which is the lowest layer of a lake, sea, stream, or river. This zone, of course, ranges from the shallow depths where water meets land, to extreme depths that humans have not yet been able to explore.
The benthic zone is one of the ecological regions of a body of water. It comprises the bottom—such as the ocean floor or the bottom of a lake —the sediment surface, and some sub-surface layers. Organisms living in this zone—that is, on or in the bottom of the body of water—are called benthos.
Marine microbenthos are microorganisms that live in the benthic zone of the ocean – that live near or on the seafloor, or within or on surface seafloor sediments. The word benthos comes from Greek, meaning "depth of the sea".
The benthic zone near the coastal area derives its sediments from weathering and erosion of land areas along with organic matter from marine life. The sediments of the deep-water benthic zone, on the other hand, vary based on the types of marine organisms associated with it.
The benthic zone is the lowest level of the ocean, encompassing the sediment surface and the water level right above it, starting from the shoreline and expanding to the deepest part of the ocean floor.