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Phenol red exists as a red crystal that is stable in air. Its solubility is 0.77 grams per liter (g/L) in water and 2.9 g/L in ethanol. [1] It is a weak acid with pK a = 8.00 at 20 °C (68 °F). A solution of phenol red is used as a pH indicator, often in cell culture.
A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually or spectroscopically by changes in absorption and/or emission properties. [1] Hence, a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H 3 O +) or hydrogen ions (H +) in the ...
Low pH colour Transition pH range High pH colour Thymol blue (first transition) Red 1.2 – 2.8 Yellow Methyl orange: Red 3.2 – 4.4 Yellow Methyl red: Red 4.8 – 6.0 Yellow Bromothymol blue: Yellow 6.0 – 7.6 Blue Thymol blue (second transition) Yellow 8.0 – 9.6 Blue Phenolphthalein: Colourless 8.3 – 10.0 Fuchsia
The doubly deprotonated (In 2-) phenolate form (the anion form of phenol) gives the familiar pink color. In strongly basic solutions, phenolphthalein is converted to its In(OH) 3− form, and its pink color undergoes a rather slow fading reaction [6] and becomes completely colorless when pH is greater than 13.
Chlorophenol red is an indicator dye that changes color from yellow to violet in the pH range 5.4 to 6.8. [2] The pH of a substance is determined by taking the negative logarithm of the Hydronium ion concentration and the indictor changes color due to the dissociation of H + ions. [3] The lambda max is at 572 nm. [4]
Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 5 OH. [5] It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile . The molecule consists of a phenyl group ( −C 6 H 5 ) bonded to a hydroxy group ( −OH ).
Phenol is readily alkylated at the ortho positions using alkenes in the presence of a Lewis acid such as aluminium phenoxide: [citation needed] CH 2 =CR 2 + C 6 H 5 OH → R 2 CHCH 2 -2-C 6 H 4 OH More than 100,000 tons of tert-butyl phenols are produced annually (year: 2000) in this way, using isobutylene (CH 2 =CMe 2 ) as the alkylating agent.
Two solutions are prepared separately: [2] [3] Solution A: 0.02 g of thymol blue, 0.01 g cresol red and 2 mL of ethanol; Solution B: 0.8 g of sodium bicarbonate, 7.48 g of potassium chloride and 90 mL of water; Mix Solution A and B and mix 9 mL of the mixed solution to 1000 mL of distilled water.