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Cases in which the urine is dilute include adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and drinking too much water or too much beer. [4] Cases in which the urine is concentrated include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). [4] High volume hyponatremia can occur from heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. [4]
More severe hyponatremia (levels less than 120 mEq/L), particularly if it develops rapidly (defined as occurring over less than 48 hours), can cause confusion, seizures and even lead to death ...
For example, water intoxication (which results in hyponatremia), the process of consuming too much water too quickly, can be fatal. Deficits to body water result in volume contraction and dehydration. Diarrhea is a threat to both body water volume and electrolyte levels, which is why diseases that cause diarrhea are great threats to fluid balance.
The low GFR causes a lowered rate of osmole excretion, and an increase in the amount of water reabsorbed; thus, hyponatremia occurs when the amount of water intake exceeds the renal water excretion capacity. [2] Medications, such as thiazides and antidepressants, may exacerbate symptoms of hyponatremia. [2]
"Sometimes if you drink too much, it can lower the salt in your body too much and cause something called hyponatremia, which can make you very sick," she says. You Might Also Like The 16 Best Men ...
Some athletes who participate in endurance events, especially marathon runners, can be prone to taking on too much fluid. This can lead to water intoxication and dangerously low sodium levels, ...
Water intoxication (the consumption of too much water too quickly) causes hyponatremia, which can cause death in minutes or hours. [8] Water makes up about 60% of the body weight in men and 55% of weight in women. [9] A baby is about 70% to 80%; old people are about 45% water. [10]
Hypoosmolar hyponatremia is a condition where hyponatremia is associated with a low plasma osmolality. [1] The term "hypotonic hyponatremia" is also sometimes used.[2]When the plasma osmolarity is low, the extracellular fluid volume status may be in one of three states: low volume, normal volume, or high volume.