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Sialolithiasis (also termed salivary calculi, [1] or salivary stones) [1] is a crystallopathy where a calcified mass or sialolith forms within a salivary gland, usually in the duct of the submandibular gland (also termed "Wharton's duct"). Less commonly the parotid gland or rarely the sublingual gland or a minor salivary gland may develop ...
A sialolithiasis is a salivary stone that may cause blockage of the ducts, most commonly the submandibular ducts, causing pain and swelling of the gland. [ 33 ] Salivary gland dysfunction is either a reduced ( hyposalivation ), or an increased ( hypersalivation ) production of saliva.
Strictures are the second most common cause of chronic obstructive sialadenitis, after salivary stones. [1] In line with this, strictures may give rise to the "meal time syndrome", [1] where there is pain and swelling of the involved salivary gland upon salivary stimulation with the sight, smell and taste of food.
Salivary gland dysfunction affects the flow, amount, or quality of saliva produced. A reduced salivation is termed hyposalivation.Hyposalivation often results in a dry mouth condition called xerostomia, and this can cause tooth decay due to the loss of the protective properties of saliva.
The blockage may be from a salivary stone, a mucous plug, or, more rarely, by a tumor, usually benign. Salivary stones (also called sialolithiasis, or salivary duct calculus) are mainly made of calcium, but do not indicate any kind of calcium disorder. [7] Other causes can be duct stricture (narrowing of the duct), infection or injury.
What causes a kidney stone? There are a number of things that form kidney stones. Those with diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity have a higher risk of having kidney stones.
Blockage, whether caused by salivary duct stones or external compression, may cause pain and swelling of the parotid gland . Koplik's spots which are pathognomonic of measles are found near the opening of the parotid duct. The parotid duct may be cannulated by inserting a tube through the internal orifice in the mouth. [2]
Sialectasis (also termed sialectasia, or siadochiectasis) [1] is cystic dilation of the ducts of salivary glands. [2] It may be caused by salivary duct strictures or stones (sialolithiasis). [3] It can also rarely be congenital. [4]