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  2. Topological sorting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting

    Topological sorting. In computer science, a topological sort or topological ordering of a directed graph is a linear ordering of its vertices such that for every directed edge (u,v) from vertex u to vertex v, u comes before v in the ordering. For instance, the vertices of the graph may represent tasks to be performed, and the edges may ...

  3. Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarjan's_strongly_connected...

    Graph. Worst-case performance. Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm is an algorithm in graph theory for finding the strongly connected components (SCCs) of a directed graph. It runs in linear time, matching the time bound for alternative methods including Kosaraju's algorithm and the path-based strong component algorithm.

  4. Kruskal's algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruskal's_algorithm

    Kruskal's algorithm[1] finds a minimum spanning forest of an undirected edge-weighted graph. If the graph is connected, it finds a minimum spanning tree. It is a greedy algorithm that in each step adds to the forest the lowest-weight edge that will not form a cycle. [2] The key steps of the algorithm are sorting and the use of a disjoint-set ...

  5. Pigeonhole sort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigeonhole_sort

    Pigeonhole sort. Pigeonhole sorting is a sorting algorithm that is suitable for sorting lists of elements where the number n of elements and the length N of the range of possible key values are approximately the same. [1] It requires O (n + N) time. It is similar to counting sort, but differs in that it "moves items twice: once to the bucket ...

  6. Graph traversal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_traversal

    Graph traversal. In computer science, graph traversal (also known as graph search) refers to the process of visiting (checking and/or updating) each vertex in a graph. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the vertices are visited. Tree traversal is a special case of graph traversal.

  7. Breadth-first search - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadth-first_search

    Breadth-first search (BFS) is an algorithm for searching a tree data structure for a node that satisfies a given property. It starts at the tree root and explores all nodes at the present depth prior to moving on to the nodes at the next depth level. Extra memory, usually a queue, is needed to keep track of the child nodes that were encountered ...

  8. Depth-first search - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth-first_search

    Topological sorting. Finding 2-(edge or vertex)-connected components. Finding 3-(edge or vertex)-connected components. Finding the bridges of a graph. Generating words in order to plot the limit set of a group. Finding strongly connected components. Determining whether a species is closer to one species or another in a phylogenetic tree ...

  9. Gnome sort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnome_sort

    Gnome sort (nicknamed stupid sort) is a variation of the insertion sort sorting algorithm that does not use nested loops. Gnome sort was originally proposed by Iranian computer scientist Hamid Sarbazi-Azad (professor of Computer Science and Engineering at Sharif University of Technology) [1] in 2000. The sort was first called stupid sort[2 ...