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Scarlet fever. Scarlet fever, also known as scarlatina, is an infectious disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a Group A streptococcus (GAS). [3] It most commonly affects children between five and 15 years of age. [1] The signs and symptoms include a sore throat, fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes, and a characteristic rash. [1]
Many other viral rashes, like measles, rubella, roseola, and scarlet fever, can look similar to erythema infectiosum. In adults, for example, joint pain caused by parvovirus B19 infection might make doctor consider conditions like the flu and mononucleosis during initial diagnosis.
Scarlet fever spreads through respiratory droplets and children between the ages of 5 and 15 years were most affected by scarlet fever. [53] Scarlet fever had several epidemic phases, and around 1825 to 1885 outbreaks began to recur cyclically and often highly fatal. [54] In the mid-19th century, the mortality caused by scarlet fever rose in ...
The virus is commonly known as Fifth Disease “because it was the fifth in a list of common childhood rash illnesses, which also included measles, scarlet fever, rubella and roseola,” says ...
[10] [11] Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, red tonsils, and enlarged lymph nodes in the front of the neck. A headache and nausea or vomiting may also occur. [12] Some develop a sandpaper-like rash which is known as scarlet fever. [2] Symptoms typically begin one to three days after exposure and last seven to ten days. [2] [3] [12]
Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. [1] The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a streptococcal throat infection. [2] Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and occasionally a characteristic non- itchy rash known as ...
The two most prominent infections of GAS are both non-invasive: strep throat (pharyngitis) where it causes 15–30% of the childhood cases and 10% of adult cases, and impetigo. [4] These may be effectively treated with antibiotics. Scarlet fever is also a non-invasive infection caused by GAS, although much less common.
White strawberry tongue is seen in early scarlet fever (a systemic infection of group A β- hemolytic streptococci), [26] and red strawberry tongue occurs later, after 4–5 days. [8] Strawberry tongue is also seen in Kawasaki disease (a vasculitic disorder primarily occurring in children under 5), [ 27 ] [ 28 ] and toxic shock syndrome . [ 29 ]