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Glass was used in mosaics as early as 2500 BC, but it was not until the 3rd century BC that innovative artisans in Greece, Persia, and India created glass tiles.. Whereas clay tile is dated as early as 8,000 BC, there were significant barriers to the development of glass tile, including the high temperatures required to melt glass and the complexities of annealing glass curves.
A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster / mortar, and covering a surface. [1] Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly popular in the Ancient Roman world. Mosaic today includes not just murals and pavements, but also ...
Tiles are usually thin, square or rectangular coverings manufactured from hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, baked clay, or even glass. They are generally fixed in place in an array to cover roofs, floors, walls, edges, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from ...
There are two main types of mosaic surviving from this period: wall mosaics in churches, and sometimes palaces, made using glass tesserae, sometimes backed by gold leaf for a gold ground effect, and floor mosaics that have mostly been found by archaeology. These often use stone pieces, and are generally less refined in creating their images.
Tessera. A tessera (plural: tesserae, diminutive tessella) is an individual tile, usually formed in the shape of a square, used in creating a mosaic. It is also known as an abaciscus or abaculus. A close up of the bottom left corner of the picture above. Close inspection of the full picture reveals the individual tesserae.
Roman mosaic floor panel of stone, tile, and glass, from a villa near Antioch in Roman Syria. second century AD. In architecture, tessellations have been used to create decorative motifs since ancient times. Mosaic tilings often had geometric patterns. [4] Later civilisations also used larger tiles, either plain or individually decorated.
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