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The enzyme 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate synthase (DHBP synthase) (RibB) EC 4.1.99.12 catalyses the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to formate and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate, the latter serving as the biosynthetic precursor for the xylene ring of riboflavin. [1]
Butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or ethyl methyl ketone, [a] is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 C(O)CH 2 CH 3. This colorless liquid ketone has a sharp, sweet odor reminiscent of acetone .
It is detected and released by orchid flowers, e.g. Dendrobium superbum (syn D. anosmum), [4] and several Bulbophyllum species [5] [6] [7] to attract raspberry ketone-responsive male Dacini fruit flies. It is biosynthesized from coumaroyl-CoA. [8] It can be extracted from the fruit, yielding about 1–4 mg per kg of raspberries. [9]
4-Hydroxy-TEMPO or TEMPOL, formally 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, is a heterocyclic compound. Like the related TEMPO , it is used as a catalyst and chemical oxidant by virtue of being a stable aminoxyl radical .
4-Hydroxynonenal, or 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal or 4-HNE or HNE, (C 9 H 16 O 2), is an α,β-unsaturated hydroxyalkenal that is produced by lipid peroxidation in cells. 4-HNE is the primary α,β-unsaturated hydroxyalkenal formed in this process. It is a colorless oil.
Kethoxal (3-ethoxy-1,1-dihydroxy-2-butanone) is an organic compound that has antiviral and anaplasmosis properties. [1] [3] It also forms a stable covalent adduct with guanine, which makes it useful for nucleic acid structure determination. [4]
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Hydroxyacetone, also known as acetol, is the organic chemical with the formula CH 3 C(O)CH 2 OH. It consists of a primary alcohol substituent on acetone. It is an α-hydroxyketone, also called a ketol, and is the simplest hydroxy ketone structure. It is a colorless, distillable liquid.