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The lead-acid battery is a type of rechargeable battery first invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté. It is the first type of rechargeable battery ever created. Compared to modern rechargeable batteries, lead-acid batteries have relatively low energy density. Despite this, they are able to supply high surge currents.
A zinc–air battery is a metal–air electrochemical cell powered by the oxidation of zinc with oxygen from the air. During discharge, a mass of zinc particles forms a porous anode, which is saturated with an electrolyte. Oxygen from the air reacts at the cathode and forms hydroxyl ions which migrate into the zinc paste and form zincate (Zn ...
An electric battery is a source of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections [ 1 ] for powering electrical devices. When a battery is supplying power, its positive terminal is the cathode and its negative terminal is the anode. [ 2 ] The terminal marked negative is the source of electrons that will ...
Galvanic cell with no cation flow. A galvanic cell or voltaic cell, named after the scientists Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta, respectively, is an electrochemical cell in which an electric current is generated from spontaneous oxidation–reduction reactions. A common apparatus generally consists of two different metals, each immersed in ...
Lead dioxide is produced commercially by several methods, which include oxidation of red lead (Pb 3 O 4) in alkaline slurry in a chlorine atmosphere, [6] reaction of lead(II) acetate with "chloride of lime" (calcium hypochlorite), [9] [10] The reaction of Pb 3 O 4 with nitric acid also affords the dioxide: [2] [11] Pb 3 O 4 + 4 HNO 3 → PbO 2 ...
A metal–air electrochemical cell is an electrochemical cell that uses an anode made from pure metal and an external cathode of ambient air, typically with an aqueous or aprotic electrolyte. [1][2] During discharging of a metal–air electrochemical cell, a reduction reaction occurs in the ambient air cathode while the metal anode is oxidized.
Self-discharge is a chemical reaction, just as closed-circuit discharge is, and tends to occur more quickly at higher temperatures. Storing batteries at lower temperatures thus reduces the rate of self-discharge and preserves the initial energy stored in the battery. Self-discharge is also thought to be reduced as a passivation layer develops ...
A 12V VRLA battery, typically used in small uninterruptible power supplies and emergency lamps. A valve regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery, commonly known as a sealed lead-acid (SLA) battery, [1] is a type of lead-acid battery characterized by a limited amount of electrolyte ("starved" electrolyte) absorbed in a plate separator or formed into a gel; proportioning of the negative and positive ...