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Purines and pyrimidines are both organic compounds that take part in the synthesis of DNA and RNA, therefore they are called as the building blocks of the genetic material – DNA and RNA. They are nitrogenous bases that make up the two different nucleotides in DNA and RNA.
Purines and pyrimidines are two types of nitrogenous bases that form the structural foundation of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Though they both serve similar functions within the cell , their chemical structures, properties, and roles vary considerably.
Purines and pyrimidines are two types of aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds. In other words, they are ring structures (aromatic) that contain nitrogen as well as carbon in the rings (heterocyclic). Both purines and pyrimidines are similar to the chemical structure of the organic molecule pyridine (C 5 H 5 N).
The main difference between purines and pyrimidines is that purines contain a six-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to an imidazole ring whereas pyrimidines contain only a six-membered nitrogen-containing ring.
Purines and Pyrimidines are nitrogenous bases that make up the two different kinds of nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA. The two-carbon nitrogen ring bases (adenine and guanine) are purines, while the one-carbon nitrogen ring bases (thymine and cytosine) are pyrimidines.
Pyrimidines have a single six-membered ring structure, while purines have a fused five-membered and six-membered ring structure. This structural difference results in purines being larger than pyrimidines, affecting how they pair with each other during DNA and RNA formation.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are composed of two different classes of nitrogen-containing bases: the purines and pyrimidines. The most commonly occurring purines in DNA are adenine and guanine :
Purines and pyrimidines are the nitrogen bases that hold DNA strands together through hydrogen bonds. They pair together through complementary pairing based on Chargaff’s Rule (A::T and G::C). The purines in DNA are adenine and guanine, the same as in RNA.
Purines and pyrimidines are fundamental components of nucleotides in DNA and RNA and are essential for the storage of information in the cell. They also serve as a basic framework for coenzymes and...
Purines act as endogenous ligands that bind to and activate plasmalemmal purinoceptors, which mediate extracellular communication referred to as “purinergic signalling”.