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  2. Zeno's paradoxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeno's_paradoxes

    Zeno's paradoxes are a series of philosophical arguments presented by the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea (c. 490–430 BC), [ 1 ][ 2 ] primarily known through the works of Plato, Aristotle, and later commentators like Simplicius of Cilicia. [ 2 ] Zeno devised these paradoxes to support his teacher Parmenides 's philosophy of monism ...

  3. Horizon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizon

    To compute the greatest distance D BL at which an observer B can see the top of an object L above the horizon, simply add the distances to the horizon from each of the two points: D BL = D B + D L. For example, for an observer B with a height of h B =1.70 m standing on the ground, the horizon is D B =4.65 km away.

  4. Two-body problem in general relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-body_problem_in...

    v. t. e. The two-body problem in general relativity (or relativistic two-body problem) is the determination of the motion and gravitational field of two bodies as described by the field equations of general relativity. Solving the Kepler problem is essential to calculate the bending of light by gravity and the motion of a planet orbiting its sun.

  5. Newton's law of universal gravitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal...

    where F is the gravitational force acting between two objects, m 1 and m 2 are the masses of the objects, r is the distance between the centers of their masses, and G is the gravitational constant. The first test of Newton's law of gravitation between masses in the laboratory was the Cavendish experiment conducted by the British scientist Henry ...

  6. Comoving and proper distances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoving_and_proper_distances

    e. In standard cosmology, comoving distance and proper distance (or physical distance) are two closely related distance measures used by cosmologists to define distances between objects. Comoving distance factors out the expansion of the universe, giving a distance that does not change in time due to the expansion of space (though this may ...

  7. Visibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visibility

    Visibility. In meteorology, visibility is the measure of the distance at which an object or light can be clearly discerned. It depends on the transparency of the surrounding air and as such, it is unchanging no matter the ambient light level or time of day.

  8. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    Newton's laws are often stated in terms of point or particle masses, that is, bodies whose volume is negligible. This is a reasonable approximation for real bodies when the motion of internal parts can be neglected, and when the separation between bodies is much larger than the size of each.

  9. Gravitational acceleration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_acceleration

    Point P between earth and moon is the point of equilibrium. In physics, a gravitational field or gravitational acceleration field is a vector field used to explain the influences that a body extends into the space around itself. [ 6 ] A gravitational field is used to explain gravitational phenomena, such as the gravitational force field exerted ...