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Dutch Brazil (Dutch: Nederlands-Brazilië), also known as New Holland (Dutch: Nieuw-Holland), was a colony of the Dutch Republic in the northeastern portion of modern-day Brazil, controlled from 1630 to 1654 during Dutch colonization of the Americas.
The Dutch invasions in Brazil, ordered by the Dutch West India Company (WIC), occurred during the 17th century. [2] Considered the biggest political-military conflict in the colony, the invasions were centered on the control of sugar and slave supply sources. Although they were concentrated in the Northeast, they were not just a regional episode.
The Dutch colonial empire (Dutch: Nederlandse koloniale rijk) comprised the overseas territories and trading posts controlled and administered by Dutch chartered companies—mainly the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company—and subsequently by the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), and by the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands after 1815.
The Dutch West India Company set up their headquarters in Recife; it also exported a tradition of religious tolerance to its New World colonies, most notable to Dutch Brazil. [6] The governor, Johan Maurits , invited artists and scientists in order to help promote migration to the new South-American colony.
After the Dutch defeats at Guararapes, their surviving men, as well as other garrisons of New Holland, joined in the area of Mauritsstad (modern-day Recife) in order to make a last stand. However, after fierce fighting, the Portuguese victoriously entered the city and the remaining Dutch were ousted from Brazil.
The first synagogue in the Americas, Kahal Zur Israel Synagogue - was established by the Dutch [12] in Recife in 1636. [13]Colonial reports stated that there was a strong rate of miscegenation between Amerindians, Portuguese, Blacks, Jews, Dutch, Germans, French and Englishmen during the period of the Dutch Brazil colony. [14]
Royal Government in Colonial Brazil with Special Reference to the Administration of the Marquis of Lavradio, Viceroy 1769–1779. 1968. Bethell, Leslie, ed. Colonial Brazil. 1987. Boxer, C. R. Salvador de Sá and the struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602–1686. [London] University of London, 1952. Boxer, C. R. The Dutch in Brazil, 1624–1654 ...
The Dutch forces, led by Colonel Brinck, left Recife on 17 February 1649, and fought the Portuguese at Guararapes Plain on 19 February. [12] Though the Dutch West India Company fielded a larger, better equipped force, they suffered morale problems as most of their army was made up of mercenaries from Europe (primarily Germany) who felt no real passion for the war in Brazil, as opposed to the ...