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In contrast, a secondary alcohol has a formula “–CHROH” and a tertiary alcohol has a formula “–CR 2 OH”, where “R” indicates a carbon-containing group. Examples of primary alcohols include ethanol and 1-butanol. Methanol is also generally regarded as a primary alcohol, [2] [3] including by the 1911 edition of the Encyclopædia ...
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Alcohols are then classified into primary, secondary (sec-, s-), and tertiary (tert-, t-), based upon the number of carbon atoms connected to the carbon atom that bears the hydroxyl functional group. The respective numeric shorthands 1°, 2°, and 3° are sometimes used in informal settings. [ 23 ]
Structure Type IUPAC name Boiling point (°C) Primary Hexan-1-ol: 158 Secondary Hexan-2-ol: 140 Secondary Hexan-3-ol: 135 Primary 2-Methylpentan-1-ol: 147
Most carboxylic acids are suitable for the reaction, but the alcohol should generally be primary or secondary. Tertiary alcohols are prone to elimination . Contrary to common misconception found in organic chemistry textbooks, phenols can also be esterified to give good to near quantitative yield of products.
3-Methyl-3-pentanol (IUPAC name: 3-methylpentan-3-ol) is an organic chemical compound and a tertiary hexanol. It is used in the synthesis of the tranquilizer emylcamate , [ 2 ] and has similar sedative and anticonvulsant actions itself.
For secondary amines (of the form R−NH−R), the longest carbon chain attached to the nitrogen atom becomes the primary name of the amine; the other chain is prefixed as an alkyl group with location prefix given as an italic N: CH 3 NHCH 2 CH 3 is N-methylethanamine. Tertiary amines (R−NR−R) are treated similarly: CH 3 CH 2 N(CH 3)CH 2 CH ...
Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C 4 H 9 O H, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers), from a straight-chain primary alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; [1] all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, sec-BuOH, i-BuOH, and t-BuOH).