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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 January 2025. Equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another in exchange for payment "Insure" redirects here. Not to be confused with Ensure. For other uses, see Insurance (disambiguation). An advertisement for a fire insurance company Norwich Union, showing the amount of assets ...
Of the subtypes of health insurance coverage, employer-based insurance remained the most common, covering 55.1 percent of the population for all or part of the calendar year. Between 2017 and 2018, the percentage of people covered by Medicaid decreased by 0.7 percentage points to 17.9 percent.
In mathematics, the Bony–Brezis theorem, due to the French mathematicians Jean-Michel Bony and Haïm Brezis, gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a closed subset of a manifold to be invariant under the flow defined by a vector field, namely at each point of the closed set the vector field must have non-positive inner product with any exterior normal vector to the set.
In mathematics, Pascal's triangle is an infinite triangular array of the binomial coefficients which play a crucial role in probability theory, combinatorics, and algebra.In much of the Western world, it is named after the French mathematician Blaise Pascal, although other mathematicians studied it centuries before him in Persia, [1] India, [2] China, Germany, and Italy.
The law of iterated logarithms operates "in between" the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem.There are two versions of the law of large numbers — the weak and the strong — and they both state that the sums S n, scaled by n −1, converge to zero, respectively in probability and almost surely:
By Landau's theorem and the observation about the range of H in the proof of the Little Picard Theorem, there is a constant C > 0 such that |H′(w)| ≤ C / Re(w). Thus, for all real numbers x ≥ 2 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 2π,
Hermann Weyl's original proof from the compact group point of view, [10] based on the Weyl character formula and the Peter–Weyl theorem. The theory of Verma modules contains the highest weight theorem. This is the approach taken in many standard textbooks (e.g., Humphreys and Part II of Hall).
Coase and others like him wanted a change of approach, to put the burden of proof for positive effects on a government that was intervening in the market, by analyzing the costs of action. [ 125 ] In the 1960s Gary Becker (1930–2014) and Jacob Mincer (1922–2006) of the Chicago School of Economics founded New Home Economics , which spawned ...