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In domestic applications, traps are typically U, S, Q, or J-shaped pipe located below or within a plumbing fixture.An S-shaped trap is also known as an S-bend.It was invented by Alexander Cumming in 1775 but became known as the U-bend following the introduction of the U-shaped trap by Thomas Crapper in 1880.
Before installing a check dam, engineers inspect the site. Standard practices call for the drainage area to be ten acres or less. [3] [9] The waterway should be on a slope of no more than 50% and should have a minimum depth to bedrock of 2 ft (0.61 m). [14] Check dams are often used in natural or constructed channels or swales.
Usually, each floor drain is connected to a trap, to prevent sewer gases from escaping into indoors spaces. A floor sink is a type of floor drain primarily used as an indirect waste receptor. It is generally deeper than a standard floor drain and can have a full or partial grate, or no grate as required to accommodate the indirect waste pipes.
A sewer pipe is normally at neutral air pressure compared to the surrounding atmosphere.When a column of waste water flows through a pipe, it compresses air ahead of it in the system, creating a positive pressure that must be released so it does not push back on the waste stream and downstream traps, slow drainage, and induce potential clogs.
A trap primer automatically injects water into a trap, maintaining a water seal to keep sewer gas out of buildings. It must be installed in an easily accessible place for adjustment, replacement, and repair. A trap primer, a specialized valve, is usually connected to a clean-water supply in addition to a DWV system. [21]
Pool drain vortex as viewed from above the water at Grange Park wading pool Underwater view of drain, showing vortex-formation phenomenon. A drain is the primary vessel or conduit for unwanted water or waste liquids to flow away, either to a more useful area, funnelled into a receptacle, or run into sewers or stormwater mains as waste discharge to be released or processed.
A gully is a landform created by running water, mass movement, or commonly a combination of both eroding sharply into soil or other relatively erodible material, typically on a hillside or in river floodplains or terraces.
The Buchan trap was devised in the 19th century to stop the flow of sewer gases due to the miasma theory of disease. [1] For example, it was believed that the disease cholera was an airborne infection, not waterborne. The Buchan trap is normally found in the bottom of manholes or drop-shafts.