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2. Free variables and bound variables - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_variables_and_bound...

   Note: we define a location in an expression as a leaf node in the syntax tree. Variable binding occurs when that location is below the node n. In the lambda calculus, x is a bound variable in the term M = λx. T and a free variable in the term T. We say x is bound in M and free in T. If T contains a subterm λx. U then x is rebound in this term.

3. Open formula - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_formula

   An open formula is a formula that contains at least one free variable. [citation needed] An open formula does not have a truth value assigned to it, in contrast with a closed formula which constitutes a proposition and thus can have a truth value like true or false. An open formula can be transformed into a closed formula by applying a ...

4. Quantifier (logic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantifier_(logic)

   the occurrence of both x and y in C(y, x) is free, while the occurrence of x and y in B(y, x) is bound (i.e. non-free). Syntax tree of the formula ((,)) (,), illustrating scope and variable capture. Bound and free variable occurrences are colored in red and green, respectively.

5. Variable (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_(mathematics)

   Free variables and bound variables A random variable is a kind of variable that is used in probability theory and its applications. All these denominations of variables are of semantic nature, and the way of computing with them ( syntax ) is the same for all.

6. Expression (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(mathematics)

   For a given combination of values for the free variables, an expression may be evaluated, although for some combinations of values of the free variables, the value of the expression may be undefined. Thus an expression represents an operation over constants and free variables and whose output is the resulting value of the expression. [22]

7. Lambda calculus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_calculus

   Variables that fall within the scope of an abstraction are said to be bound. In an expression λx.M, the part λx is often called binder, as a hint that the variable x is getting bound by prepending λx to M. All other variables are called free. For example, in the expression λy.x x y, y is a bound variable and x is a free variable. Also a ...