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The Vitruvian scroll is a scroll pattern used in architectural moldings and borders in other media. It is also known as the Vitruvian wave , wave scroll , or running dog pattern . [ 1 ] The pattern resembles waves in water or a series of parchment scrolls viewed on end.
Baroque bead and reel on a tapestry showing the Triumph of Constantine over Maxentius at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, designed by Peter Paul Rubens in 1622, produced from 1623 until 1625, wool and silk with gold and silver threads, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, US
Continuous scroll decoration has a very long history, and such patterns were an essential element of classical and medieval decoration. The use of scrolls in ornament goes back to at least the Bronze Age; geometric scroll ornament has been found in the Palace of Knossos at Minoan Crete dating to approximately 1800 BC, [8] perhaps drawing from even earlier Egyptian styles; there were also early ...
The meander is a fundamental design motif in regions far from a Hellenic orbit: labyrinthine meanders ("thunder" pattern [3]) appear in bands and as infill on Shang bronzes (c. 1600 BC – c. 1045 BC), and many traditional buildings in and around China still bear geometric designs almost identical to meanders.
Mosaic border of rinceaux and animals, from the Via Panisperna in Rome, late 2nd - early 1st century BC. In architecture and the decorative arts, a rinceau (plural rinceaux; from the French, derived from old French rain 'branch with foliage') is a decorative form consisting of a continuous wavy stemlike motif from which smaller leafy stems or groups of leaves branch out at more or less regular ...
Roman guilloche around a scene with Diana the Huntress, late 2nd century AD, mosaic, Bardo National Museum, Tunis, Tunisia [1]. Guilloché (French:), or guilloche (/ ɡ ɪ ˈ l oʊ ʃ /), is a decorative technique in which a very precise, intricate and repetitive pattern is mechanically engraved into an underlying material via engine turning, which uses a machine of the same name.
Patterns may be elaborated by the use of two levels of design, as at the 1453 Darb-e Imam shrine. Square repeating units of known patterns can be copied as templates, and historic pattern books may have been intended for use in this way. The 15th century Topkapı Scroll explicitly shows girih patterns together with the tilings used to create them.
The complexity and variety of patterns used evolved from simple stars and lozenges in the ninth century, through a variety of 6- to 13-point patterns by the 13th century, and finally to include also 14- and 16-point stars in the sixteenth century. Geometric patterns occur in a variety of forms in Islamic art and architecture.