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A surface plate is a solid, flat plate used as the main horizontal reference plane for precision inspection, marking out (layout), and tooling setup. [1] The surface plate is often used as the baseline for all measurements to a workpiece, therefore one primary surface is finished extremely flat with tolerances below 11.5 μm or 0.0115 mm per ...
Flatness measurement of granite surface plates, for example, can be performed by measuring straightness of multiple lines along the flat surface, then summing the deviations in line angle over the surface. Recent advancements in applications allow angular orientation measurement of wafers. This could also be done without obstructing lines of ...
From this stable, accurate surface, you can then transfer the flatness or parallelism from the cast iron surface to the granite surface, for use in laboratory equipment. The cast iron plate can be used as an inspection surface, but this requires special training and consideration on the part of the inspector.
A hand scraper is a single-edged tool used to scrape metal or other materials from a surface. This may be required where a surface needs to be trued, corrected for fit to a mating part, retain oil (usually on a freshly ground surface), or be given a decorative finish. Surface plates were traditionally made by scraping. [1]
Therefore, a very flat and stable work-surface is also needed, on which the test can be performed, preventing both the flat and the test-piece from sagging under their combined weight, Often, a precision-ground surface plate is used as a work surface, providing a steady table-top for testing upon. To provide an even flatter surface, sometimes ...
Surface plate or marking out table — provides a true surface from which to work; Angle plates — assist in holding the workpiece perpendicular to the table; Scriber — is the equivalent of a pen or pencil. It literally scratches the metal surface leaving behind a fine, bright line; Height gauge or scribing block — allows lines to be ...
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Sir Joseph Whitworth popularized the first practical method of making accurate flat surfaces during the 1830s, [2] using engineer's blue and scraping techniques on three trial surfaces, in what is known as Whitworth's three plates method. [3] By testing all three in pairs against each other, it is ensured that the surfaces become flat.