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The manuscript contains recipes for things such as butter of almond milk, [9] roasted duck, [10] a meat pottage [11] and a sweet-and-sour fish preparation. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] The manuscript is loosely organised and has no real system beyond a basic grouping of recipes for cooking birds, blancmange , and fruits and flowers.
Contrast between sight and taste was an important feature of presentation. At times, confectioners would purposefully create foods to "fool" the diner. Recipe books from the period include how to make, for example, an imitation ham from sugar, berries, and flowers; artichokes and asparagus from marzipan; and "objects, such as coats of arms". [3]
Surviving medieval recipes frequently call for flavoring with a number of sour, tart liquids. Wine, verjuice (the juice of unripe grapes or fruits) vinegar and the juices of various fruits, especially those with tart flavors, were almost universal and a hallmark of late medieval cooking. In combination with sweeteners and spices, it produced a ...
The rich had more of a variety with sturgeon, seal, crab, lobster, and shrimp. The poor ate whatever meat they could find, such as rabbits, blackbirds, pheasants, partridges, hens, ducks, and pigeons. Meanwhile, the rich people also ate more costly varieties of meat, such as swan, peafowl, geese, boar, and deer . [2]
The Forme of Cury (The Method of Cooking, cury from Old French queuerie, 'cookery') [2] is an extensive 14th-century collection of medieval English recipes.Although the original manuscript is lost, the text appears in nine manuscripts, the most famous in the form of a scroll with a headnote citing it as the work of "the chief Master Cooks of King Richard II".
Le Viandier (often called Le Viandier de Taillevent, pronounced [lə vjɑ̃dje də tajvɑ̃]) is a recipe collection generally credited to Guillaume Tirel, alias Taillevent. However, the earliest version of the work was written around 1300, about 10 years before Tirel's birth.
Queen Esther and King Ahasuerus depicted dining on, among other things, a fish dish and a pretzel; illustration from Hortus deliciarum, Alsace, late 12th century.. Though various forms of dishes consisting of batter or dough cooked in fat, like crêpes, fritters and doughnuts were common in most of Europe, they were especially popular among Germans and known as krapfen (Old High German: "claw ...
More luxurious recipes include eggs, almonds, currants, sugar, saffron and orange flower water. Frumenty was served with meat as a pottage, traditionally with venison or even porpoise (considered a "fish" and therefore appropriate for Lent [1]). It was also frequently used as a subtlety, a dish between courses at a banquet.