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  2. Impossible color - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_color

    For example, to see "hyperbolic orange": staring at bright cyan causes an orange afterimage, then on looking at orange, the resulting orange afterimage seen against the orange background may cause an orange color purer than the purest orange color that can be made by any normally seen light.

  3. Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz–Kohlrausch_effect

    Any colored lights will seem brighter to human observers than pure white light. Oftentimes this makes more saturated colors actually seem lighter than shades of gray, no matter how bright they are. Certain colors do not have significant effect, however; any hue of colored lights still seem brighter than white light of the same brightness.

  4. Tetrachromacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachromacy

    The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.

  5. Entoptic phenomenon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entoptic_phenomenon

    Then one should see the sixth Purkinje as a dimmer image moving in the opposite direction. The Purkinje tree is an image of the retinal blood vessels in one's own eye, first described by PurkynÄ› in 1823. It can be seen by shining the beam of a small bright light through the pupil from the periphery of a subject's vision.

  6. Atmospheric optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_optics

    The sky can turn a multitude of colors such as red, orange, pink and yellow (especially near sunset or sunrise) and black at night. Scattering effects also partially polarize light from the sky, most pronounced at an angle 90° from the Sun.

  7. Memory color effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_color_effect

    The memory color effect is the phenomenon that the canonical hue of a type of object acquired through experience (e.g. the sky, a leaf, or a strawberry) can directly modulate the appearance of the actual colors of objects. Human observers acquire memory colors through their experiences with instances of that type.

  8. Diffuse sky radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_sky_radiation

    Hence, the result that when looking at the sky away from the direct incident sunlight, the human eye perceives the sky to be blue. [4] The color perceived is similar to that presented by a monochromatic blue (at wavelength 474–476 nm) mixed with white light, that is, an unsaturated blue light. [5] The explanation of blue color by Lord ...

  9. Eigengrau - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigengrau

    For example, the night sky looks darker than Eigengrau because of the contrast provided by the stars. Contrast threshold data, collected by Blackwell [5] and plotted by Crumey, shows Eigengrau occurring at adaptation luminances below approximately 10 − 5 cd m −2 (25.08 mag arcsec −2). [6] This is a limiting case of Ricco's law.