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This set of models is often referred to collectively as SGP4 due to the frequency of use of that model particularly with two-line element sets produced by NORAD and NASA. These models predict the effect of perturbations caused by the Earth’s shape, drag, radiation, and gravitation effects from other bodies such as the sun and moon.
Keplerian elements parameters can be encoded as text in a number of formats. The most common of them is the NASA / NORAD "two-line elements" (TLE) format, [4] originally designed for use with 80 column punched cards, but still in use because it is the most common format, and 80-character ASCII records can be handled efficiently by modern databases.
The National Weather Service issued an information statement alerting residents of sonic booms due to the falling satellite debris. [27] The Federal Aviation Administration also released a notice warning to pilots of the re-entering debris. [28] Some reports include details that point to these phenomena being caused by a meteoroid shower. [24]
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The Defense Support Program replaced the 1960s space-based infrared Missile Defense Alarm System (MIDAS). The first successful launch of MIDAS (MIDAS-2) was 24 May 1960 and there were twelve launches before the DSP program replaced it in 1970.
The first tracking and data relay satellite was launched in 1983 on the Space Shuttle Challenger's first flight, STS-6.The Boeing-built Inertial Upper Stage that was to take the satellite from Challenger's orbit to its ultimate geosynchronous orbit suffered a failure that caused it not to deliver the TDRS to the correct orbit.
Nanoracks LLC is an American private in-space services company [1] [2] which builds space hardware and in-space repurposing tools. [3] The company also facilitates experiments and launches of CubeSats to Low Earth Orbit .
Capella Space is an American space company with satellite and unclassified SAR data and missions solutions for government and commercial use. It's Earth observation satellites are equipped with synthetic-aperture radar sensors that can collect imagery through clouds and at night. [1]